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terça-feira, novembro 29, 2016

Reported Speech

Reported Speech acontece quando reproduzimos a fala de outrem em um texto.

Ex.: She said: "I will clean the kitchen."

Direct Speech
Ocorre quando a fala é reproduzida na íntegra, tal como foi dita ou escrita. Na escrita, aparece entre aspas.

Ex.: My father said: "I ate bread for breakfast this morning."

Indirect Speech
Ocorre quando se reproduz a fala com as palavras do narrador. A fala citada faz parte da fala do narrador.

Ex.: My father said that he had eaten bread for breakfast that morning.

Quando a fala citada é incorporada à voz narrativa, são necessárias algumas alterações. Além do tempo verbal, alguns termos e expressões precisam ser alterados.

Tempos Verbais
Direct Speech
Indirect Speech
Simple Present
Simple Past
Simple Past
Past Perfect
Present Perfect
Past Perfect
Present Continuous
Past Continuous
Past Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect
Will
Would
Would
Would
Can
Could
Could
Could


Exemplos:
He said: "I play soccer on Tuesdays"He said he played soccer on Tuesdays.
He said: "I saw your sister"He said he had seen my sister.
He said: "She was working"He said she had been working.
He said: "They will come back"He said they would come back.

Expressões
Direct Speech
Indirect Speech
Here
There
Now
Then
Today
That day
Tonight
That night
Yesterday
The previous day / the day before
Tomorrow
The following day / the next day
This
That

Exemplos:
He said: "I am here" → He said he was there.
He said: "I am studying now" → He said he was studing then.
He said: "I did my homework today" → He said he had done his homework that day.
He said: "I read this book" → He said he had read that book.

Além das expressões e estruturas mencionadas acima, é preciso adequar também os possessivos e os pronomes pessoais.

Exemplos:
She said: "I lost my cell phone"She said she had lost her cell phone.
He said: "Where is your book?"He asked where my book was.

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